What is Diabetes?

Diabetes is a chronic medical condition that affects how your body processes blood sugar (glucose). Glucose is a crucial source of energy for the cells in your body, and its levels are regulated by a hormone called insulin, which is produced by the pancreas.

There are two main types of diabetes:

1. Type 1 Diabetes: This is an autoimmune disease where the immune system mistakenly attacks and destroys the insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreas. As a result, people with type 1 diabetes do not produce enough insulin, or in some cases, no insulin at all. This type of diabetes typically develops in childhood or early adulthood and requires daily insulin injections or the use of an insulin pump to regulate blood sugar levels.

2. Type 2 Diabetes: This form of diabetes is more common and usually develops later in life, although it can occur at any age. With type 2 diabetes, the body either doesn't produce enough insulin, or the cells become resistant to the effects of insulin, leading to higher blood sugar levels. This condition is often associated with lifestyle factors, such as obesity, physical inactivity, and unhealthy eating habits. Initially, type 2 diabetes may be managed with lifestyle changes, diet modifications, and oral medications, but in some cases, insulin injections may be necessary.

Diabetes can lead to various complications if not properly managed, including cardiovascular disease, kidney problems, nerve damage, eye complications (retinopathy), and an increased risk of infections. Regular monitoring of blood sugar levels, a balanced diet, regular physical activity, and proper medication management are essential for controlling diabetes and reducing the risk of complications.

It's important to note that diabetes is a serious condition, and if you suspect you may have diabetes or are experiencing symptoms like excessive thirst, frequent urination, unexplained weight loss, or constant fatigue, it's crucial to seek medical advice promptly for proper diagnosis and treatment.